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1How Computer Memory Works – Kanawat Senanan
3Which chip is used to store information that describes specific device parameters? [2]
4PC Repair Chapter 5 Flashcards [3]
5 BIOS-CMOS Presentation [4]
6 Computer Maintenance Chapter Five BIOS and CMOS Dr. Mohammad AlAhmad. [5]
7 Quizzes [6]
8Wikipedia [7]
9 Mother Board MCQ For HPSSC JOA IT Exam [8]
10 Memory Chip Selection Guide: Types, Features, Applications [9]
11300+ TOP Motherboard Multiple Choice Questions and Answers Quiz 2023 [10]
12 What is RAM (Random Access Memory)? [11]
13BIOS [12]
14 What is BIOS? [13]
15 BIOS and CMOS configuration [14]
164 BIOS Types and Why They're So Important [15]
17 Computer memory [16]
18Arduino memory driver [17]
19 Computer Science – Computer Architecture, Cache Memory and Turing Completeness [18]
20 Sources
How Computer Memory Works – Kanawat Senanan
How Computer Memory Works – Kanawat Senanan
How Computer Memory Works – Kanawat Senanan
Memory Types & Functionality in Computer Flashcards Flashcards by ProProfs[1]
Which of the following handles the interface between most devices and the CPU?. Which of the following is a special database that contains basic information about your system, including device drivers? Which Chip acts as a clock to keep the current date and time?. Which chip is used to store information describing specific device parameters? About 99% of the BIOS business is controlled by two companies. Which of the following is not a major BIOS manufacturer?
Which chip is used to store information describing specific device parameters?[2]
A black box on airplanes is a device that records specific performance parameters of the aircraft. It depends on the nominal size of the particular device.
Computer Repair Chapter 5 Flashcards[3]
ROM chips are ___________________, which means that the information stored in ROM is not erased even when the computer is turned off. The ____________________ includes the Northbridge and Southbridge chips on a motherboard. The keyboard controller stores the scan code in a(n) ____________________.. A ROM chip on the motherboard is called a ____________________. A collection of small programs designed to communicate with the basic parts of a computer is also known as ____________________.. Programs stored on ROM chips are called ____________________.
BIOS-CMOS presentation[4]
Which of the following handles the interface between most devices and the CPU?. Which of the following handles the interface between most devices and the CPU? Which chip acts as a clock to keep the current date and time?. Which chip is used to store information describing specific device parameters? The computer beeps continuously after booting up. Most modern systems only have a beep code to indicate that something is wrong
Computer Maintenance Chapter Five BIOS and CMOS Dr. Mohammad AlAhmad.[5]
Chapter Five BIOS and CMOS "People who are very serious about software should build their own hardware" (Alan Kay). Chapter Five BIOS and CMOS The learning objectives of this chapter are: Objectives Understand the basics of BIOS and CMOS systems It is a boot system that helps the CPU communicate with devices when the computer is turned on. The BIOS will recognize the devices in the system at startup But here the question arises, how can a new device installed in the system be recognized by the computer? And what about brand new systems? The computer must have access to a system other than the operating system that makes the CPU eligible to communicate with other devices at startup. Chapter Five BIOS and CMOS This means that the computer needs to access the BIOS to communicate with the keyboard, monitor, CD-ROM drive, hard drive, USB ports, optical devices, and RAM
Quizzes[6]
Which component handles the interface between most devices and the CPU?. _______________ extends the data bus to every device on the computer. The keyboard controller has its own _______________.. Every computer ships with a program built into the system ROM called _______________ that allows you to access and modify CMOS data. The keyboard controller has its own _______________.. Which chip contains the system BIOS and can hold data permanently, even without power?
Wikipedia[7]
|Organization||First IBM as proprietary software, later industry wide as de facto standard. In 1996, the BIOS Boot Specification was written by Compaq, Phoenix Technologies and Intel.| The interface of this original system acts as a de facto standard. The BIOS in modern computers initializes and tests the system hardware components (Power-on self-test) and loads a bootloader from a mass storage device which then prepares a kernel Most recent operating systems do not use the BIOS interrupt calls after boot.[6]. Most BIOS implementations are specifically designed to work with a particular model of computer or motherboard, by interfacing with various devices, especially system chipsets
Mother Board MCQ Για HPSSC JOA IT Exam[8]
Taking buses from the Latin word __________means for all.. CMOS is a type of RAM, continuously powered by _____.
On the motherboard, the _______ chipset takes care of transferring data to and from the secondary storage devices (such as hard disk, CD/DVD drive, etc.).
What type of system board is the MOST likely candidate for a processor upgrade if you want maximum performance and future compatibility?. Which one would you have to upgrade to install an EIDE drive?
Memory Chip Selection Guide: Types, Features, Applications[9]
Memory chips are semiconductor devices used as internal storage areas in a computer. Computer memory refers to the storage of programs or data on a temporary or permanent basis Memory chips can be grouped into any of these categories based on the type described below. Main memory is directly accessible to the central processing unit (CPU) and includes any data that is actively or continuously running Main memory allows fast data access but is limited to a smaller storage space. Secondary memory is not directly accessible by the CPU and is used for long-term data storage
300+ TOP Motherboard Multiple Choice Questions and Answers Quiz 2023[10]
In a desktop computer, the board that contains the microprocessor, RAM, and other components is called the _____ board. The main circuit board in the system unit is also called: Different components of a computer unit's motherboard are connected to each other by sets of parallel electrical conductive lines. What type of system board is the MOST likely candidate for a processor upgrade if you want maximum performance and future compatibility? Which of the following handles the interface between most devices and the CPU?. Where does the motherboard store the keyboard controller support program?
What is RAM (Random Access Memory)?[11]
Random Access Memory (RAM) is the hardware in a computing device where the operating system (OS), application programs, and data currently in use are stored so that they can be quickly accessed by the device's processor. It is much faster to read and write than other types of storage such as hard disk drive (HDD), solid state drive (SSD) or optical drive. When the computer restarts, the operating system and other files are reloaded into RAM, usually from a hard drive or SSD. Because of its volatility, RAM cannot store data permanently Short-term memory focuses on the immediate task, but can only hold a limited number of facts in mind at any one time. When a person's short-term memory fills up, it can be refreshed with events stored in the brain's long-term memory.
BIOS[12]
A computer's basic input/output system (BIOS) is a program stored in non-volatile memory such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory, making it firmware. BIOS (sometimes called ROM BIOS) is always the first program that runs when a computer is turned on. The BIOS runs a program called the Power-On Self Test, which determines how much memory the computer has and then confirms that critical low-level hardware is working properly. Any errors are indicated by sequences of audible beeps The BIOS recognizes all of the computer's peripheral devices, such as hard drives and expansion cards. It initially searches for plug-and-play devices and assigns a number to each, but does not activate the devices at this time.
What is BIOS?[13]
BIOS is a program, it stands for basic input/output system, which is stored in non-volatile memory such as ROM (Read Only Memory) or flash memory that allows you to configure and access your computer system at the maximum basic level. Although most people don't need to deal with the BIOS on a computer, it can be better to know about the BIOS Before an operating system is loaded, the CPU has access to the basic input/output system (BIOS). Then the next function of the BIOS is to examine all hardware connections and detect all your devices. BIOS is embedded software that manages hard drives and cannot work on one. It cannot be in RAM (Random Access Memory) as it is accessed before the computer system boots
BIOS and CMOS configuration[14]
Before the BIOS can start the computer, you've seen that it needs to find an operating system on a hard disk or floppy drive. But how does the BIOS know where the drives are or what type they are? If the drive types are not correctly identified in the BIOS, the BIOS will not be able to boot the system. Whenever you build a system or change major components, you must run the BIOS setup program to check or change settings. On some current systems, such as with the original IBM AT, the installer must be run from a floppy drive or from the hard disk drive. The original IBM PC and PC/XT had only a few settings, which were made by operating a series of small switches or slide switches called DIP switches.
4 types of BIOS and why they are so important[15]
BIOS is built into a device's microprocessor to initialize hardware and operating system (OS) functions at startup. A basic input/output system or BIOS is defined as a program that is fixed and built into a device's microprocessor that helps prepare and manage hardware functions and the flow of data to and from the operating system (OS) during boot A basic input/output system, or BIOS, is a program fixed and built into a device's microprocessor that helps initialize hardware functions and manage the flow of data to and from the operating system (OS) during startup. It was incorporated into IBM's original computer system in 1981, and gained popularity with additional computers over the years, eventually becoming a fundamental feature of computers. Intel announced in 2017 its intention to end support for outdated BIOS platforms by 2020 and replace them with UEFI.. The 1975 CP/M operating system used the Basic Input/Output System, from which the acronym was derived BIOS
Computer memory[16]
A computer is a device that is electronic and that accepts data, processes that data and gives the desired output. It performs programmed calculations with high accuracy and faster speed It then processes the data and turns it into useful information. Here, input refers to the raw data that we want the machine to process and return to us as an output, output refers to the response that the machine provides in response to the raw data input, and data processing can include analysis, search, distribution , data storage, etc It is used to store data/information and instructions. It is a data storage unit or data storage device where the data is to be processed and the instructions required for the processing are stored
Arduino Memory Guide[17]
A microcontroller unit (also known as an MCU) is an integrated circuit (IC), typically used to perform specific applications or tasks. Usually, this type of IC collects information or data from its environment, processes it and produces specific outputs according to the collected data An essential part of a microcontroller is its memory. Memory stores information temporarily or permanently in microcontrollers and can be used for various purposes. In this article, we'll explore the organization of memory in microcontrollers, focusing on those found on Arduino® boards Memory blocks are essential parts of modern embedded systems, especially those based on microcontrollers. Memory blocks are semiconductor devices that store and retrieve information or data. a microcontroller central processing unit (CPU) uses and processes data stored in memory blocks to perform specific tasks.
Computer Science – Computer Architecture, Cache and Turing Completeness[18]
Computer architecture deals with the design of computers, data storage devices, and networking components that store and execute programs, transmit data, and drive interactions between computers, between networks, and with users. Computer architects use parallelism and various memory organization strategies to design very high-performance computing systems At its most fundamental level, a computer consists of a control unit, an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), a memory unit, and input/output (I/O) controllers. ALU performs simple addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and logic operations such as OR and AND The control unit retrieves data and instructions from memory and uses functions of the ALU to execute those instructions using that data. (The control unit and ALU together are referred to as the central processing unit [CPU].) When an input or output command occurs, the control unit transfers the data between memory and the specified I/O controller
Sources
- https://www.proprofsflashcards.com/story.php?title=chapter-5-notes
- https://www.answers.com/Q/Which_chip_is_used_to_store_information_that_describes_specific_device_parameters
- https://www.flashcardmachine.com/pc-repair-chapter5.html
- https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1YKJdZlRrGhXKRBUhar40zZ86_7hE7CxtX6tUCa3GiM4/htmlpresent
- https://slideplayer.com/slide/10430101/
- https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5d8b911c811345001a71ca8b/chapter-review
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS
- https://www.himexam.com/2021/02/mother-board-mcq-for-hpssc-joa-it-exam.html
- https://www.globalspec.com/learnmore/semiconductors/memory_chips/memory_chips
- https://engineeringinterviewquestions.com/motherboard-multiple-choice-questions-and-answers-quiz/
- https://www.techtarget.com/searchstorage/definition/RAM-random-access-memory
- https://www.computerworld.com/article/2583113/bios.html
- https://www.javatpoint.com/what-is-bios
- https://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=130913&seqNum=5
- https://www.spiceworks.com/tech/devops/articles/what-is-bios/
- https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/computer-memory/
- https://docs.arduino.cc/learn/programming/memory-guide
- https://www.britannica.com/science/computer-science/Architecture-and-organization
FAQs
What chip store information that describes specific device parameters? ›
CMOS: stores the information that describes specific device parameters. CMOS does not store programs; it only stores data that is read by BIOS to complete the programs needed to talk to changeable hardware. CMOS also acts as a clock to keep the current date and time.
What are programs stored on ROM chips called? ›Programs stored in ROM are called Firmware. Firmware is held in non-volatile memory devices such as ROM, EPROM, or flash memory.
What is a flash ROM chip on the motherboard called? ›Short for Basic Input/Output System, the BIOS (pronounced bye-oss) is a ROM chip found on motherboards that lets you access and set up your computer system at the most basic level.
What is the southbridge also known as in Intel and AMD systems? ›In systems with Intel chipsets, the southbridge is named I/O Controller Hub (ICH), while AMD has named its southbridge Fusion Controller Hub (FCH) since the introduction of its Fusion Accelerated Processing Unit (APU) while moving the functions of the Northbridge onto the CPU die, hence making it similar in function to ...
What is stored in CMOS? ›The BIOS is the program that starts a computer up, and the CMOS is where the BIOS stores the date, time, and system configuration details it needs to start the computer. The BIOS is a small program that controls the computer from the time it powers on until the time the operating system takes over.
What data is stored in CMOS memory chip? ›In a computer, the CMOS is a small battery-powered chip that stores critical system information such as the date, time, and hardware configuration. It is used to keep track of the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) settings, which control how the computer interacts with its hardware components.
What is ROM vs RAM chips? ›RAM, which stands for random access memory, and ROM, which stands for read-only memory, are both present in your computer. RAM is volatile memory that temporarily stores the files you are working on. ROM is non-volatile memory that permanently stores instructions for your computer.
What is ROM and what does it store? ›ROM (read-only memory) is a non-volatile memory type. This means it receives data and permanently writes it on a chip, and it lasts even after you turn off your computer. The data is coded to not be overwritten, so it's used for things like your printer software or your startup programs.
What is a ROM chip? ›ROM is an acronym for Read-Only Memory. It refers to computer memory chips containing permanent or semi-permanent data. Unlike RAM, ROM is non-volatile; even after you turn off your computer, the contents of ROM will remain. Almost every computer comes with a small amount of ROM containing the boot firmware.
Is the BIOS chip RAM or ROM? ›A computer's basic input/output system (BIOS) is a program that's stored in nonvolatile memory such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory, making it firmware.
What are flash chips used for? ›
Typically, Flash memory chips are used in portable or compact devices such as digital cameras, cell phones, pagers, and scanners. Flash memory chips are also used as solid-state disks in laptops and as memory cards for video game consoles.
Is a flash drive a memory chip? ›Every USB flash drive has a NAND flash memory chip that it uses to store data. When you load documents, photos, videos, applications, or anything else onto a flash drive, the drive stores it on the flash memory chip.
What is southbridge for? ›Southbridge is a reference to a chipset on a PC motherboard. It is a group of microchips designed for a single function and manufactured as a single unit. This chipset controls or manages input and output (I/O). Examples of I/O interface connections controlled by southbridge are USB, serial, IDE and ISA.
What is the southbridge used for? ›The southbridge is an IC on the motherboard responsible for the hard drive controller, I/O controller and integrated hardware. Integrated hardware can include the sound card and video card if on the motherboard, USB, PCI, ISA, IDE, BIOS, and Ethernet.
Why is it called northbridge and southbridge? ›The CPU would be connected to the chipset via a fast bridge (the northbridge) located north of other system devices as drawn. The northbridge would then be connected to the rest of the chipset via a slow bridge (the southbridge) located south of other system devices as drawn.
Where is CMOS stored? ›On some motherboards, the CMOS is a separate chip. However, on most modern motherboards, it is integrated with the RTC (real-time clock) on the southbridge.
Why the BIOS is stored in ROM and CMOS? ›The BIOS (Basic Input Output System) is an example of a program that is stored in ROM. The BIOS runs as soon as the computer is switched on. It checks that the hardware is functioning correctly then loads the computer's operating system. Because the BIOS is always needed it is stored in ROM.
What CMOS stands for? ›The working principle of a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) image sensor was conceived in the latter half of the 1960s, but the device was not commercialized until microfabrication technologies became advanced enough in the 1990s.
Is CMOS a storage device? ›CMOS is an onboard, battery powered semiconductor chip inside computers that stores information. This information ranges from the system time and date to system hardware settings for your computer.
Which type of RAM is CMOS chip? ›Alternatively known as an RTC (real-time clock), NVRAM (non-volatile RAM), or CMOS RAM, CMOS is short for complementary metal-oxide semiconductor. CMOS is an onboard, battery-powered semiconductor chip inside computers that stores information.
What storage is RAM? ›
Memory, also known as random access memory (RAM), is a PC component that stores data while the computer runs. This data can be anything from a Word document to a website you're browsing right now. When your computer needs to access this data, it does so quickly and easily from its memory.
What is RAM used for? ›RAM provides the shorter-term memory the CPU needs to open files and move data around as it responds to the tasks given to it by your apps. Both RAM and the CPU work synchronously and complementarily to ensure that your computer's performance fits your needs and you have a good experience when using your device.
Is ROM and internal storage same? ›This part of the storage can be modified by the user, thus, the whole Internal Storage cannot be called ROM. Only a fraction of storage containing the non-writable instructions is called the ROM.
What stores data RAM or ROM? ›RAM, which stands for random access memory, and ROM, which stands for read-only memory, are both present in your computer. RAM is volatile memory that temporarily stores the files you are working on. ROM is non-volatile memory that permanently stores instructions for your computer.
What will ROM typically store? ›Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of storage medium that permanently stores data on personal computers (PCs) and other electronic devices. It contains the programming needed to start a PC, which is essential for boot-up; it performs major input/output tasks and holds programs or software instructions.
What is ROM usually stored in? ›Read Only Memory (ROM) is found in a microchip within the motherboard, and it cannot be easily altered. This is a type of non-volatile memory that is used to run firmware, or the BIOS, on a personal computer.
What are the 3 types of ROM? ›Its types are PROM, EPROM, and EEPROM.
Is ROM main memory? ›Computer memory is of two basic type – Primary memory(RAM and ROM) and Secondary memory(hard drive,CD,etc.). Random Access Memory (RAM) is primary-volatile memory and Read Only Memory (ROM) is primary-non-volatile memory. It is also called as read write memory or the main memory or the primary memory.
What are the 4 types of ROM? ›Types of ROM (MROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, Flash ROM)
What are the key functions of the BIOS basic input output system Dell? ›- Power-on self-test (POST). This tests the hardware of the computer before loading the OS.
- Bootstrap loader. This locates the OS.
- Software/drivers. This locates the software and drivers that interface with the OS once running.
- Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) setup.
What technology was created to replace the BIOS program on modern personal computer motherboards? ›
UEFI replaces the BIOS which was present in the boot ROM of all personal computers that are IBM PC compatible, although it can provide backwards compatibility with the BIOS using CSM booting. Intel developed the original Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) specification.
Is BIOS on motherboard or CPU? ›BIOS, pronounced "BYE-oss," stands for Basic Input Output System and is software stored on a small memory chip in your system's motherboard.
What are the 3 types of flash memory? ›The most common types of flash memory are SD, micro SD, and compact flash. Memory cards and USB drives are in widespread use and are ideal for a wide range of applications.
How do NAND chips store data? ›NAND flash saves data as blocks and relies on electric circuits to store data. When power is detached from NAND flash memory, a metal-oxide semiconductor will provide an extra charge to the memory cell, keeping the data. The metal-oxide semiconductor typically used is a floating-gate transistor (FGT).
What's a cache memory? ›Cache memory is a chip-based computer component that makes retrieving data from the computer's memory more efficient. It acts as a temporary storage area that the computer's processor can retrieve data from easily.
How to pronounce pendrive? ›- IPA: [ˈpɛndraːjv]
- Hyphenation: pen‧drive.
- Rhymes: -aːjv.
Flash memory, also known as flash storage, is a type of nonvolatile memory that erases data in units called blocks and rewrites data at the byte level. Flash memory is widely used for storage and data transfer in consumer devices, enterprise systems and industrial applications.
How is data stored in flash? ›Flash storage uses memory cells to store data. Cells with previously written data must be erased before new data can be written. Flash storage can also come in several forms, from simple USB sticks to enterprise all-flash arrays.
What is the northbridge? ›The high-speed part of a common chipset architecture in a computer. The Northbridge is the controller that interconnects the CPU to memory via the frontside bus (FSB). It also connects peripherals via high-speed channels such as PCI Express.
What is northbridge vs southbridge computer? ›The southbridge is slower than the northbridge, and information from the CPU has to go through the northbridge before reaching the southbridge. Other busses connect the southbridge to the PCI bus, the USB ports and the IDE or SATA hard disk connections.
How are northbridge and southbridge different? ›
difference between northbridge is a chip in the chipset of a mo CPU while Southbridge is a chip in does not directly connect to the CPU faster components and southbridge co ce between northbridge and southbridge is that northbridge the chipset of a motherboard that directly connects to the Southbridge is a chip in the ...
What is the function of the PCI? ›Peripheral Component Interconnect, or PCI, is the most common way to attach add-on controller cards and other devices to a computer motherboard. This type of connector originated in the early 1990s, and is still in use today.
Which system component is the CPU directly connected to? ›The Motherboard
Your computer's brain is the CPU: that's where all of the programming and computing happens. But its nervous system is the motherboard, which uses circuits to connect the CPU to the other pieces of hardware, including the memory, the hard drive, the CD/DVD drive, and all of your peripherals.
A bus is a subsystem that is used to connect computer components and transfer data between them. For example, an internal bus connects computer internals to the motherboard. A “bus topology” or design can also be used in other ways to describe digital connections. Advertisements. A bus may be parallel or serial.
What is northbridge Bridge called? ›The Long Gully Bridge, also known as Northbridge, Suspension Bridge, and Cammeray Bridge, is a concrete arch road bridge that carries Strathallen Avenue across Flat Rock Creek and Tunks Park, and connects the suburbs of Cammeray, in the North Sydney Council local government area to its south, with Northbridge in the ...
Which two motherboard components connect to the northbridge chipset? ›The peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus connects the northbridge—and hence the CPU and RAM also—to two things: 1) the southbridge chip, and 2) a collection of important and bandwidth-intensive add-on devices like the video card, network card, soundcard, etc.
What are chips for storing data? ›| Type | Volatility | Applications/description |
|---|---|---|
| DRAM | Volatile | Main memory |
| SRAM | Volatile | High speed buffers/caches |
| EPROM | Non-volatile | Microcontroller programming |
| EEPROM | Non-volatile | Small data storage |
Memory chips store information. There are two types of Memory: volatile and non-volatile. Volatile Memory chips, such as DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory), are the 'working memory' chips that save data only while the device's power is turned on.
What are device parameters? ›Device parameters identify the type of device used, such as mobile, tablet, or smart phone. These parameters are added after data is collected by an Oracle Infinity data augmentation service. Values may change as newer and more accurate versions of the lookup data become available.
What chip is inside of a CPU that stores data and specific addresses? ›A CPU cache is a hardware cache used by the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer to reduce the average cost (time or energy) to access data from the main memory. A cache is a smaller, faster memory, located closer to a processor core, which stores copies of the data from frequently used main memory locations.